Electronic data		Thermal data		Steric data
Shells: 2,8,18,1 Orbitals: [Ar] 3d10 4s1 Electronegativity: 1.7, 1.9 1. Ionization potential: 7.7264 eV 2. Ionization potential: 20.292 eV 3. Ionization potential: 36.83 eV Oxidation states: 2,1 Electrical conductivity: 0.596 10^6		Melting point: 1083 °C Boiling point: 2567 °C Specific heat: 0.38 J/gK Heat of fusion: 13.050 kJ/mol Heat of vaporization: 300.30 kJ/mol Thermal conductivity: 4.01 W/cmK		Atomic radius: 1.57 Å Ionic radius: 0.73 Å () Covalent radius: 1.17 Å Atomic volume: 7.1 cm³/mol Density (293 K): 8.96 g/cm³ Crystal structure: Cubic: Face centered

Legend     Pocket calculator

Nuclide	Abundance [%]	Mass	Spin	Halflife	Decay mode	Decay tree
61Cu	0	61	3/2	3.35h	+,EC	View
62Cu	0	62	1	9.74m	+,EC	View
63Cu	69.09	62.9296	3/2	--	stable	--
64Cu	0	63.93	1	12.701h	EC,-,+	View
65Cu	30.91	64.9278	3/2	--	stable	--
67Cu	0	67	3/2	2.580d	-	View

Legend

Name origin:	Symbol from Latin: cuprum (island of Cyprus famed for its copper mines)
Description:	Malleable, ductile, reddish-brown metal.
Discovered by:	Known to the ancients
Year:	--
Place:	Unknown
Sources:	Pure copper occurs rarely in nature. Usually found in sulfides as in chalcopyrite (CuFeS2), coveline (CuS), chalcosine (Cu2S) or oxides like cuprite (Cu2O).
Use(s):	Most often used as an electrical conductor. Also used in the manufacture of water pipes. Its alloys are used in jewelry and for coins.